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  • Ophthalmic implants designed to substitute the function of the natural retina, totally or partially restoring the vision. These devices usually consist of electronic microchips that are implanted in the eye, either behind or on the surface of the retina (i.e., subretinal and epiretinal, respectively). One type of implant consists of an array of electrodes placed on the retina (epiretinal) that receives wireless signals from the antenna of a camera that is housed in the patient\'s glasses. There are other implants available (both epiretinal and subretinal) that use a variety of different techniques including a device that uses the direct reception of light from photodiodes included as components of the implant and that only need external power. Ophthalmic retinal implants can be used for partial recovery (e.g., detection of light and shapes, low-definition images) of vision after a period of training; they are intended for people whose optical nerve is intact but have a damaged retina (e.g., retinitis pigmentosa and macular degeneration patients).
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