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  • Equipment designed to manufacture thermoplastic products in a pre-established shape. There are several different techniques used to obtain thermoplastic products, including: (1) pressure extrusion machines consisting of an extruder barrel and screw assembly that melts the polymer (e.g., polyvinyl chloride); the molten polymer is led through a die to emerge as a hollow pipe section called a parison. A mold is wrapped around the parison, closing its bottom edge to form a seal; then the parison is cut at the top and air is blown into the parison to inflate it until reaching the shape of the mold. After cooling, the mold is opened and the final product is ejected; (2) injection molding machines consisting of a heated barrel including a reciprocating screw driven by a motor that feeds molten polymer (e.g., nylon, polypropylene) in a temperature-controlled split mold conformed in the shape of the final product; the product is ejected from the mold after the process is finished; (3) vacuum molding units consisting of a machine that heats plastic (e.g., polystyrene, polypropylene) sheets until soft and then applies vacuum to suck the sheet into a mold; after the sheet takes the shape of the final product, it is ejected. Vacuum molding is a process that requires less pressure than other techniques. All machines may include heat, pneumatic, and/or hydraulic controls.
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