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  • Trocars designed to puncture the abdominal wall in order to provide access to the peritoneum and abdominal organs during laparoscopic procedures. These instruments typically include a manual, handheld device (i.e., the trocar) to facilitate the insertion, and an outer cannula or sheath which becomes a port to allow passage of instruments and insufflation. There is a large variety of trocar designs available but they may be classified in two types: cutting trocars that incorporate a sharp metal or plastic rod with a cutting pyramidal or conical tip, and dilating trocars with a tip that bluntly separates and dilates tissue as force is applied; some instruments incorporate elements of both cutting and dilating trocars. The trocar is used to pierce the skin and the abdominal wall (i.e., percutaneously) and then it is usually removed, leaving the cannula or sleeve in place. Laparoscopic trocars are intended to provide access to the abdominal cavity by permitting the performance of diagnostic, therapeutic, and/or surgical procedures. Trocars are used in laparoscopic surgery to provide access for the introduction of devices such as surgical instruments and video cameras. Both reusable and single-use trocars are available.
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