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Laboratory incubators designed to maintain a controlled and suitable aerobic or anaerobic environment. These incubators can either keep the molecular oxygen at a level similar to or greater than the atmosphere at (i.e., aerobic) or provide an oxygen-free environment (i.e., anaerobic) while providing an accurate control on the carbon dioxide (CO2) level in the incubator chamber in a pre-determined range of temperatures. These incubators typically consist of an internal chamber with a controlled temperature that is isolated with a water or air jacket; microprocessor sensors and controllers capable of providing appropriated levels of temperature, humidity, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen levels; and temperature and gas level recorders. The incubator may also include air filters and/or copper components (e.g., copper stainless steel alloys) to prevent contamination. The incubator keeps high levels of oxygen (usually from 22 to 80%), high relative humidity (typically higher than 90%), and carbon dioxide levels from 5 to 10% appropriate for aerobic cell grow; for cells that need a very low level of oxygen (i.e., anaerobic) the incubator displaces the oxygen with nitrogen gas. Aerobic/anaerobic incubators are intended for a variety of cell cultures that require different environmental conditions for growth.
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