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  • Reagents used in cytology and/or histology assays to determine sperm (i.e., spermatozoa) chromosome DNA strand fragmentation (i.e., lack of integrity) and/or other DNA damage present in the seminal fluid. Reagents used in sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) tests typically consist of a kit including devices such as Eppendorf tubes, slides, and reagents consisting of denaturing and lysing solutions, stains, and ethanol. The DNA disruption is assessed on dried slides using a light microscope. Other methods of testing sperm DNA fragmentation are also available, such as those based on (1) sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA); (2) terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase TdT-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling (known as TUNEL assay); and (3) a single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (known as the COMET assay). All these methods use flow-cytometry and/or microscopes for assessing the results.
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