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  • Pneumatic tourniquets designed to circumferentially constrict/compress circumferentially an extremity for a limited period of time by applying a precise amount of pressure using an automated gas-inflated cuff. The pressure is applied upon the limb surface and underlying tissues using the cuff; pressure is then transferred to the blood vessels causing a temporary occlusion. The pressure should be at least equal or higher than the minimum required to occlude the blood flow (i.e., limb occlusion pressure or [LOP]). These tourniquets typically include an inflatable cuff and a compressed gas source. Automated tourniquets include a control unit that supplies the compressed gas from a gas cartridge, central supply system, a small gas container (e.g., a cylinder), or from an integral electric pump. Automated tourniquets also include controls, regulators, monitors for the applied pressure, and alarms for abnormal conditions; computerized automated tourniquets can perform self-calibration checks and display elapsed inflation time. Automated pneumatic tourniquets are used mainly during surgical procedures on the extremities enabling surgeons to perform delicate procedures in bloodless operative fields.
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