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Immunoassay reagents used in laboratory analysis of the cellular and humoral immune function (i.e., laboratory immunology). They can determine substances that constitute a challenge for the human body (antigens) or that are the result of the response of the body to such substances (antibodies). These reagents are used in tests to characterize tissues (i.e, tissue typing) and neoplastic cells (i.e., cell typing) and/or to determine proteins that regulate the intensity and duration of an immune response (i.e., cytokines). Immunologic reagents are frequently available in kits that include an antibody or antigen, calibrators, and other appropriate reagents (e.g., activators). Some immunologic reagents may be specific for immunoelectrophoresis or immunofixation electrophoresis tests.
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