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Immunoassay reagents intended to perform quantitative analyses on a body fluid sample (e.g., serum, plasma) to measure levels of caffeine, a drug that relaxes bronchial smooth muscles to relieve or prevent asthma. Caffeine is used mostly in the treatment of neonatal apnea. Caffeine drug level reagents are typically used to monitor the therapeutic drug level in the blood of patients undergoing treatment to determine the adequacy of drug treatment, to identify drug overdose, or to assess toxicity. Caffeine is a minor metabolite of theophylline in adults, but its long half-life in neonates makes necessary the concurrent determination of theophylline and caffeine in infants treated with theophylline.
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