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Immunoassay reagents intended to perform qualitative and/or quantitative analyses of a sample of body fluids (typically serum or plasma) to determine dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and/or its sulfated conjugate dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S). Both hormones are mainly secreted by the adrenal glands and constitute the main androgen precursors in women. Immunoassay analysis of DHEA is usually more difficult than DHEA-S and requires pretreatment of the serum samples due to the lower concentration of DHEA in relation to DHEA-S (typically 1000-fold lower). High levels of DHEA-S are found in patients with polycystic ovary diseases, in congenital adrenal hyperplasia, in adrenal tumors, and in premature children; some contraceptives reduce DHEA-S levels. Decreased DHEA levels are also found during pregnancy and/or estrogen therapy.
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