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  • Trocars designed for trans-abdominal percutaneous puncture of the uterus and the tissue of the thin wall of the amniotic sac, providing access to the amniotic fluid and the fetus. These instruments typically consist of a manual, handheld device (i.e., the trocar) that is fitted in an outer cannula which remains in place and becomes a port to allow passage of instruments into the amniotic sac. There are two basic types of amniotic membrane trocars: cutting trocars that incorporate a sharp metal or plastic rod with a cutting pyramidal or conical tip, and dilating trocars with a tip which radial expansion bluntly separates and dilates tissue as force is applied. Amniotic membrane trocars are used to pierce the amniotic sac wall and then are usually removed, leaving the cannula or sleeve in place. Amniotic membrane trocars are used to provide a channel in order to aspirate amniotic fluid and/or to pass instruments in surgical procedures involving the fetus.
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