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  • refers to one of three subdivisions of area 10, an area defined on the basis of multiple stains that occupies the transverse frontopolar gyri and most rostral portion of the orbital gyri at the frontal pole of the frontal lobe in the human. On the ventral surface of the lobe it is bounded, from medial to lateral, by area 11m, area 11l and area 47/12r. On the medial surface of the lobe it is bounded caudally by area 9 dorsally and by area 10r ventrally. The other subdivisions of area 10 in the human are area 10r and area 10m ( Ongur-2003 ). Its equivalent in the macaque is a combination of area 10o orbitally and the portion of area 10m at the frontal pole where the superior frontal gyrus and straight gyrus merge. The rat has a tiny area at its frontal pole that is similar in that it is granular cortex with input from the medial dorsal nucleus of the thalamus ( Krettek-1977 ), but it is not regarded as equivalent to area 10p in the human ( Wallis-2012 ) or the architectonically equivalent area in the macaque ( Preuss-1995 ).
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