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  • Leads designed to conduct electrical pacing signals from the pulse-generating unit of an external cardiac pacemaker to electrodes placed on the outer surface of the heart (i.e., myocardial). Some leads may also conduct the bioelectric cardiac signals back to the unit. These leads typically consist of flexible wires that are completely isolated except at the electrode tip that makes contact with the heart. Myocardial (also known as epicardial) leads are directly attached to the surface of the heart during open surgery. A variety of lead systems, including single- and multiple-lead is available. Lead size, connector type, and other characteristics of the leads must be compatible with the pulse generator and the therapy prescribed. Epicardial external cardiac pacemaker leads are used in temporary procedures (e.g., surgery, emergency).
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