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  • Monitors designed for continuous measurement and display of the percent saturation of hemoglobin in arterial blood (SpO2). The monitors usually determine the relative amount of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin (O2Hb and HHb, respectively) by measuring light absorbance changes resulting from arterial blood flow pulsations. These monitors consist of an electronic unit that includes electronic circuits, an LCD (liquid crystal display), red and infrared light sources (usually light emitting diodes [LEDs]), photodetectors, and probes typically attached to a finger. The monitor may include audible and/or visual alarms that are triggered when the patient\'s SpO2 drops below preset limits. Pulse oximetry is usually assessed with multipurpose, vital signs, and electrocardiography monitors (sometimes by adding a dedicated module). Dedicated bedside, telemetric, and personal monitors for clinical and/or patient self-monitoring are also available.
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