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  • Devices designed for real time ionization of samples in their native state before assessment using mass spectrometers. There are two main techniques to perform real time ionization of samples, (1) desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) where the analyte particles are solvated by an ionized liquid solvent flow (usually water and methyl alcohol) and then ejected from the sample and deliver toward the mass spectrometer, and (2) a similar procedure that use gas (usually helium/neon) rather than a liquid solvent known as direct analysis in real time (DART) method. Mass spectrometer sample ionizers allow in-situ direct introduction of samples in spectrometers eliminating the need of sample preparation. The ionizers are used in many applications, including pharmaceutical drug testing, forensics, and detection of chemical weapons and explosive residues.
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