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  • Substances designed to substitute the oxygen-carrying capability of the red cells of human blood. There are two main types of oxygen-carrying blood substitutes: (1) perfluorocarbon-(PFC) and (2) hemoglobin-based. PFC are synthetic hydrocarbons that can carry and release oxygen; PFC compounds should be emulsified because they do not mix with blood. and vaporize after infusion and are exhaled in a few days. Hemoglobin-based substitutes may be obtained from human or animal (typically cow) hemoglobin or using recombinant procedures that insert the gene of human hemoglobin into bacteria and then collect the hemoglobin product from the bacterial culture. Oxygen-carrying blood substitutes are intended to provide a substitute for red blood cells for a limited period of time.
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