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  • Leads designed to conduct electrical signals from the pulse generating unit of an electric stimulator to the appropriate nerves and muscles according to the intended purpose of the stimulation. These leads typically consist of flexible wires that are completely isolated except at the electrode tip that makes external contact with the intended area of the body. The electrodes may be percutaneously inserted needle-type electrodes or paddle electrodes typically arranged in a matrix. The other end of the lead is attached to the stimulator (i.e., pulse generator). Implantable leads that are directly attached to the electrodes and that are usually also implanted in the body after test periods are also available. A variety of single and multiple lead arrays is available; lead size, connector type, and other characteristics of the leads must be compatible with the pulse generator and the therapy prescribed. Dedicated leads for particular types of neuro stimulation (e.g., gait, incontinence, muscle strengthening) are available.
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