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Machines in which internal furnaces are heated to between approximately 1100 and 1800 degrees Fahrenheit for the purpose of reducing human remains to bone fragments. These machines typically consist of a primary cremation chamber (also called a retort); a secondary chamber that controls pollution; a burner that is powered by natural gas or oil; a refractory brick lining to contain the heat; and a control system that monitors air supply and temperature. Some cremation chambers have a window for viewing and/or monitoring the process. Cremation systems vary in size and capacity: smaller units have an approximately 90-minute cremation cycle and operate for only 8-10 hours a day, while others have an approximately 65-minute cremation cycle and can operate continuously.
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