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  • GAIA Level 1a Prenatally Diagnosed Congenital Microcephaly is defined by three criteria: first, the fetus is at least 24 weeks gestational age (GA) based on certain last menstrual period (LMP) date with confirmatory 1st trimester or 2nd trimester ultrasound (US) scan OR intrauterine insemination (IUI) or embryo transfer date; second, a head circumference (HC) measurement either 2 standard deviations (SD) below the mean or less than the third percentile according to fetal US examination, using appropriate, standardized reference charts according to GA and gender for the population (e.g. WHO growth reference charts if GA greater than or equal to 37 weeks and Intergrowth-21st reference charts for GA 24-36 weeks); third, confirmation of microcephaly (i.e., HC 2 SD below the mean or less than 3%) in the fetus by either at least one additional US after 24 weeks that occurs at least one week after the first US, OR confirmation of microcephaly by HC measurement with a standard tape measure at either birth or autopsy.
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