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A preparation of autologous T lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) fused to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the CD3-zeta (CD3z) T-cell signaling domain, and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, autologous EGFRt/BCMA-41BBz-targeted CAR T cells are directed to, and induce selective toxicity in, BCMA-expressing tumor cells. Devoid of both ligand-binding domains and tyrosine kinase activity, the expressed EGFRt facilitates in vivo detection of the administered, transduced T cells and, if the administered T cells cause unacceptable side effects, can promote elimination of those cells through a cetuximab-induced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response. The 4-1BB costimulatory signaling domain enhances both proliferation of T cells and antitumor activity. BCMA, a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma cell survival. BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and is overexpressed on malignant plasma cells.
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