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  • Immune-mediated disorders are characterized by immune dysregulation causing inflammation directed against the body\'s own tissues resulting in tissue damage. Autoimmune diseases specifically involve the development of immune hyperreactivity with autoantibodies and antigen-specific T cells targeting native antigens. Etiology of immune-mediated disorders is unclear but includes: genetic factors, infection, trauma, drugs affecting the immune system. Pathophysiology of immune-mediated inflammation may involve combinations of auto-reactive T cells, autoantibodies, inflammatory cytokines, complement activation. Not all immune-mediated disorders can be demonstrated to have a specific autoimmune mechanism. Cancer immunotherapy agents have been associated with immune-mediated adverse events that are inflammatory or autoimmune in nature. These may represent a de novo immune-mediated disorder or an exacerbation of a pre-existing condition. Immune-mediated disorders are also a potential concern for vaccines which use novel adjuvants to enhance the immune response. Toxicities are varied. Common events involve the skin, gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. Less common reactions include neurological events and endocrine dysfunction. Treatment of immunotherapy-mediated immune events includes corticosteroids and/or specific immunomodulatory agents.
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