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A plant-derived virus-like particle (VLP) mimicking severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with potential immunizing activity against SARS-CoV-2. Upon intramuscular administration of the coronavirus-like particle COVID-19 vaccine, the VLPs are taken up by antigen-presenting cells and present SARS-CoV-2 antigens to the immune system. This induces both a cell-mediated and an antibody-based immune response against SARS-CoV-2. The plant-based VLPs are non-infectious and replication-deficient versions of SARS-CoV-2 and mimic the shape and dimensions of the virus.
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