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?:abstract
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Despite efforts to develop anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody (Ab) immunoassays, reliable serological methods are still needed We developed a multiplex addressable laser bead immunoassay (ALBIA) to detect and quantify anti-Spike S1 and nucleocapsid N Abs Recombinant S1 and N proteins were bound to fluorescent beads (ALBIA-IgG-S1/N) Abs were revealed using class-specific anti-human Ig Abs The performances of the test were analyzed on 575 serum samples including 192 from SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction-confirmed patients, 13 from seasonal coronaviruses, 70 from different inflammatory/autoimmune diseases, and 300 from healthy donors Anti-S1 IgM were detected by monoplex ALBIA-IgM-S1 Comparison with chemiluminescent assays or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays was performed using commercial tests Multiplex ALBIA-IgG-S1/N was effective in detecting and quantifying anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Abs Two weeks after first symptoms, sensitivity and specificity were 97 7 and 98 0% (anti-S1), and 100 and 98 7% (anti-N), respectively Agreement with commercial tests was good to excellent, with a higher sensitivity of ALBIA ALBIA-IgG-S1/N was positive in 53% of patients up to day 7, and in 75% between days 7 and 13 For ALBIA-IgM-S1, sensitivity and specificity were 74 4 and 98 7%, respectively Patients in intensive care units had higher IgG Ab levels (Mann-Whitney test, p < 0 05) ALBIA provides a robust method for exploring humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Serology should be performed after 2 weeks following first symptoms, when all COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) patients had at least one anti-S1 or anti-N IgG Ab, illustrating the interest of a multiplex test
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