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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in social isolation globally, creating heightened levels of stress and anxiety. This study investigates the link between social isolation and mental well-being in later life, and how it varies across countries. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We draw on a subset of older adults from Global Behaviors and Perceptions in the COVID-19 pandemic, a unique global online survey of 13,660 participants from 62 countries. We use mixed-effects models to analyze the data. RESULTS: Social isolation (distancing) significantly predicts poor mental health operationalized as coronavirus-induced distress (p < 0.01). At the aggregate level, average distress varies positively across countries with higher numbers of coronavirus-related deaths (p < 0.10) and more fragile state capacity (p < 0.05), while varying negatively across those with more stringent anti-coronavirus policies (p < 0.05). Finally, we report several cross-level interactions between social isolation and the total number of deaths (p = 0.025), policy stringency (p =0.065), state fragility (p = 0.061), and globalization index (p = 0.071). DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Our study shows that a proper understanding of the impact of COVID-19 on the mental well-being of older adults should consider the moderating role of national context.
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document_parses/pdf_json/b726bd79da13b27d58c6605dd2cdabcdd8b1e9e0.json
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Social Isolation and Psychological Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-National Analysis
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