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OBJECTIVES: To determine the volume of health professionals who suffered distress due to their care of patients with COVID-19 and to analyse the direction in which the response capacity of the professionals to face future waves of COVID-19 is evolving DESIGN: A cross-sectional study SETTING: Primary care and hospitals in Spain PARTICIPANTS: A non-randomised sample of 685 professionals (physicians, nurses and other health staff) PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Frequency and intensity of stress responses measured by the Acute Stress of Health Professionals Caring COVID-19 Scale (EASE) Variation of stress responses according to the number of deaths per day per territory and the evolutionary stage of the COVID-19 outbreak measured by the Kruskal-Wallis and the Mann-Whitney U tests RESULTS: The average score on the EASE Scale was 11 1 (SD 6 7) out of 30 Among the participants, 44 2% presented a good emotional adjustment, 27 4% a tolerable level of distress, 23 9% medium-high emotional load and 4 5% extreme acute stress The stress responses were more intense in the most affected territories (12 1 vs 9 3, p=0 003) and during the disillusionment phase (12 7 vs 8 5 impact, 10 2 heroic and 9 8 honeymoon, p=0 000) CONCLUSIONS: The pandemic has affected the mental health of a significant proportion of health professionals which may reduce their resilience in the face of future waves of COVID-19 The institutional approaches to support the psychological needs of health professionals are essential to ensure optimal care considering these results
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Acute stress of the healthcare workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic evolution: a cross-sectional study in Spain
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