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?:abstract
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BACKGROUND an aim Viral pneumonia is the most relevant clinical presentation of COVID-19 which may lead to severe acute respiratory syndrome and even death. Eosinopenia was often noticed in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia but its role is poorly investigated. The aim of the present study is to investigate the characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and eosinopenia. METHODS We revised records of consecutive patients with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted in our ER-COVID-19 area in order to compare clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with and without eosinopenia. We considered the following clinical outcomes: 4 weeks survival; need for intensive respiratory support and hospital discharge. RESULTS Out of first 107 consecutive patients with pneumonia and a positive COVID-19 nasal-pharyngeal swab, 75 patients showed undetectable eosinophil count (absolute eosinopenia). At 4 weeks, 38 patients (38.4%) had required intensive respiratory treatment, 25 (23.4%) deceased and 42 (39.2%) were discharged. Compared to patients without absolute eosinopenia, patients with absolute eosinopenia showed higher need of intensive respiratory treatment (49.3% vs. 13.3%, p <.001), higher mortality (30.6% vs. 6.2%, p .006) and lower rate of hospital discharge (28% vs. 65.6%, p <.001). Binary logistic regression analyses including neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, basophil and monocyte counts showed that absolute eosinopenia was an independent factor associated with 4 weeks mortality, need for intensive respiratory support and hospital discharge. CONCLUSIONS Absolute eosinopenia is associated with clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and might be used as a marker to discriminate patients with unfavorable prognosis.
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