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INTRODUCTION: Patients with obstructive lung diseases are possibly at risk of developing severe outcomes of COVID-19. Therefore, the aim with this study was to determine the risk of severe outcomes of COVID-19 among patients with asthma and COPD. METHODS: We performed a nationwide cohort study including patients with COVID-19 from February 1 to July 10, 2020. All patients with COVID-19 registered in the Danish registers were included. With ICD-codes and medication history, patients were divided into asthma, COPD or no asthma or COPD. Primary outcome was a combined outcome of severe COVID-19, intensive care or death. RESULTS: Among 5104 patients with COVID-19 (median age 54.8 years (25–75(th)% 40.5 to 72.3); women, 53.0%), 354 had asthma and 432 COPD. The standardised absolute risk of the combined endpoint was 21.2% (95% CI 18.8 to 23.6) in patients with COPD; 18.5% (95% CI 14.3 to 22.7) in patients with asthma and 17.2% (95% CI 16.1 to 18.3) in patients with no asthma or COPD. Patients with COPD had slightly increased risk of the combined endpoint compared with patients without asthma or COPD (Risk difference 4.0%; 95% CI 1.3 to 6.6; p=0.003). In age standardised analyses, there were no differences between the disease groups. Low blood eosinophil counts (<0.3×10^9 cells·liter(−1)) were associated with increased risk of severe outcomes among patients with COPD. CONCLUSION: Patients with COPD have slightly increased risk of developing severe outcomes of COVID-19 compared with patients without obstructive lung diseases. However, in age standardised analysis, the risk difference disappears.
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10.1183/23120541.00594-2020
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document_parses/pdf_json/02c0834b0a9d068a336defed44709d3ba949e546.json
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Severe outcomes of COVID-19 among patients with COPD and asthma
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