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PURPOSE: To describe COVID-19 mortality in Chicago during the spring of 2020, and identify at the census-tract level neighborhood characteristics that were associated with higher COVID-19 mortality rates. METHODS: Using Poisson regression and regularized linear regression (elastic net), we evaluated the association between neighborhood characteristics and COVID-19 mortality rates in Chicago through July 22 (2514 deaths across 795 populated census tracts). RESULTS: Black residents (31% of the population) accounted for 42% of COVID-19 deaths. Deaths among Hispanic/Latino residents occurred at a younger age (63 years, compared to 71 for white residents). Regarding residential setting, 52% of deaths among white residents occurred inside nursing homes, compared to 35% of deaths among Black residents and 17% among Hispanic/Latino residents. Higher COVID-19 mortality was seen in neighborhoods with heightened barriers to social distancing and low health insurance coverage. Neighborhoods with a higher percentage of white and Asian residents had lower COVID-19 mortality. The associations differed by race, suggesting that neighborhood context may be most tightly linked to COVID-19 mortality among white residents. CONCLUSIONS: We describe communities that may benefit from supportive services, and identify traits of communities that may benefit from targeted campaigns for prevention and testing to prevent future deaths from COVID-19.
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10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.10.011
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document_parses/pdf_json/2bbf2aa4bf1476997c95d0e26bc80a2fc6a3049b.json
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document_parses/pmc_json/PMC7678719.xml.json
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COVID-19 mortality and neighborhood characteristics in Chicago
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