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?:abstract
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The newly emerged pandemic causes massive fatality which was originated from Huanan sea food market in Hubei province in China It closely resembles SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV It was transmitted from infected animal host to human and it was suspected that bats are carrier as its genome is 96% similar to the new pandemic Due to the close resemblance of COVID-19 with SARS-CoV it was named as SARS-CoV-2 by ICTV under orthocoronavirinae subfamily and genus betacoronaviruses Through the droplets and fomites from the infected persons and close contact with them causes the transmission SARS-COV-2 contains structural proteins, M, N, E, S and sixteen non-structural proteins It enters the cell by binding with ACE2 receptor on the cell membrane of lungs with the help of S protein by endocytosis The host innate and adaptive immunity effectively produce antiviral response by pro inflammatory cytokines, CD4 cells and CD 8+ cells CTLS are activated by cytotoxic T cells Due to the increased release of cytokines leads to cytokine storm and cause inflammatory-induced lung injury RT-PCR, CT, and Serological methods are used to diagnose the COVID-19 which helps in isolation of infected patients and control of spread of the infection Since there is no vaccines and proper medications for SARS-CoV-2 it is more vital to prevent our own selves from infection by following preventive measures like maintaining social distancing, washing hands, and practicing personal health hygiene
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