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T-cells play key roles in immunity to COVID-19 as well as the development of severe disease. T-cell immunity to COVID-19 is mediated through differentiated CD4(+) T-cells and cytotoxic CD8(+) T-cells, although their differentiation is often atypical and ambiguous in COVID-19 and single cell dynamics of key genes need to be characterized. Notably, T-cells are dysregulated in severe COVID-19 patients, although their molecular features are still yet to be fully revealed. Importantly, it is not clear which T-cell activities are beneficial and protective and which ones can contribute to the development of severe COVID-19. In this article, we examine the latest evidence and discuss the key features of T-cell responses in COVID-19, showing how T-cells are dysregulated in severe COVID-19 patients. Particularly, we highlight the impairment of FOXP3 induction in CD4(+) T-cells and how the impaired FOXP3 expression can lead to the differentiation of abnormally activated (hyperactivated) T-cells and the dysregulated T-cell responses in severe patients. Furthermore, we characterise the feature of hyperactivated T-cells, showing their potential contribution to T-cell dysregulation and immune-mediated tissue destruction (immunopathology) in COVID-19.
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10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.10.079
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Biochem_Biophys_Res_Commun
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document_parses/pdf_json/a47b656aa5a1563b9315ef836a442786edf60dfa.json
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document_parses/pmc_json/PMC7648511.xml.json
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T-cell dysregulation in COVID-19
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